The Freedom Of Speech By The Bill Of Rights - 977 Words

While reading the chapter, The Law, I learned more about the amendments and what the ones mainly pertaining to criminal justice actually meant. The First, Fourth, Fifth,Sixth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendment all provide a foundation for our criminal justice system. There are also many particular protections in The Bill of Rights. The First Amendment has many different clauses that make it up and I would say that it is the most important out of the Amendments in regards to the criminal justice system. First of all, the Establishment Clause ensures the individuals from the administration so they can practice free decision of religion. It keeps the United States from creating a national religion furthermore keeps the administration from advertising one religion over an alternate(Fagin, 2014). The Free Exercise Clause denies the government from meddling with the act of any religion, including particular ceremonies, requests to God, practices, and convictions(Fagin, 2014). The Freedom of Speech says we are allowed to say or compose whatever we wish, the length of we don t make an outlandish hazard or place others in harm s way. Flexibility of discourse augments past verbal and composed correspondence to different types of declaration like symbolic speech. Mottos on crusade catches, challenge signs, guard stickers, and even boards are viewed as an authoritative document of statement which is protected under our Constitution. The importance of a free press an energetic andShow MoreRelatedFreedom Of Speech : Bill Of Rights851 Words   |  4 Pagesin the Bill of Rights in the First Amendment the following: â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and to petition the government for a redress of grievances† (Bill of Rights - Bill of Rights Institute. Bill of Rights Institute). How do these â€Å"Clauses† protect us within the First Amendment? Do we really have â€Å"freedom of speech†Read MoreThe Freedom Of Speech By The Bill Of Rights1569 Words   |  7 PagesThe bill of rights was created to give people the fundamentally important individual freedoms that no law could limit or take away. The quote from In Our Defense Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press greater emphasis how vital it was to make freedom of speech the main priority for the people of this nation. However, many of the stuff the people express when using this rightRead MoreFreedom Of Speech By The Bill Of Rights Essay1340 Words   |  6 Pagescontroversial topic that many protested for was, freedom of speech. After many years of wanting to be heard, Americans finally achieved the assurance of having a voice. The Bill of Rights was passed on December 15, 1791; comme ncing with the First Amendment. The First Amendments defends freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly and petition. Stated in the U.S. Constitution, the First Amendment declares Congress shall make no law†¦ abridging the freedom of speech.† Thus, meaning that citizens cannot be imposedRead MoreFreedom Of Speech : Speech1105 Words   |  5 Pages Freedom of Speech Freedom of Speech, part of the First Amendment, is a privileged right that should not be taken lightly. The Milo Bill is said to protect students’ right to their freedom of speech on school grounds. It was introduced at Tennessee’s State House and is named after Milo Yiannopoulos, a British public speaker who made a career out of â€Å"trolling† liberals and gained publicity for uncalled-for acts, such as racist and harassing comments on Twitter, which got him banned from the socialRead MoreI Had A Dream Speech By Martin Luther King Jr.1684 Words   |  7 Pagesa dream speech† In the duration of five minutes, he made history and changed society’s view upon those with a darker skin tone. On that day he changed many opinions and views, in the matter of five minutes. He proved that we, the American people have the power to change a nation through our words. Not only can we change the world with our voice, but we can change the world through our action s. Protests and gatherings have impacted the United States civilization as we know it. Our freedom of speechRead MoreThe American Civil Liberties Union1639 Words   |  7 PagesBefore the Bill of Rights, in 1787 the delegates of the thirteen states all got together in Philadelphia to write up the U.S Constitution. But this was only the first attempt at the constitution because there were flaws in it that needed to be fixed. This first constitution only relayed what the government could do and not what it couldn’t do. This was a problem because people in the government could do anything because there was no say in what they were not allowed to do. Another flaw was that thisRead MoreThe Importance Of The Bill Of Rights1331 Words   |  6 Pages1791, the Bill of Rights was ratified by three-fourths of the states and was therefore added to the Constitution, becoming law. Out of the ten amendments in the Bill of Rights, the section regarding freedom of expression within the fir st amendment and ninth amendment protect a large portion of the freedom enjoyed by the citizens of the United States. These amendments are different in what they protect: the First Amendment regarding free speech provides protection for a single, identified right, whereasRead MoreCivil Liberties are Constitutional Protections Against the Government1681 Words   |  7 PagesWe know people support rights in theory but their support may waiver when it comes time to put those rights into practice. Civil liberties are legal constitutional protections against the government, and basically, tell the government what it cannot do. Judicial interpretations shape the nature of civil liberties, and as these interpretations change over time, so do our rights. To understand the civil liberties and freedoms we have, and how they have changed, we must examine several key Supreme CourtRead MoreWhat is the Bill of Rights?1440 Words   |  6 PagesThe Bill of Rights Essay â€Å"Rightful liberty is unobstructed action according to our will within limits drawn around us by the equal rights of others.I do not add ‘within the limits of the law because law is often but the tyrants’ will,and always so when it violates the rights of the individual† -Thomas Jefferson. The Constitution was created because of the ineffectiveness of the Articles of Confederation did not simply protecting the rights of the people which the Founding Fathers was concernedRead MoreThe English Bill of Rights: The Role Change for the Monarchy Essay836 Words   |  4 Pagesto limit the power of the crown. For this, they created The Deceleration of Rights, later known as the Bill of Rights. The English Bill of Rights changed the lives of the people of England and changed the role of citizens in Monarchy. The English Bill of Rights changed the role of citizens in Monarchy by assuring that citizens may petition the King without receiving any punishments, allowing the m have the freedom of speech and by assuring that they will not be charged with any odd punishment or a

Anne Boleyn - 950 Words

Ana Bolena – Anne Boleyn 1501(1507)-1536 Queen of England 1533-1536 Mother of Elizabeth I Information about the early years of Anne Boleyn is almost non-existence; her birth has been dated from 1501 to 1507. Although information about her parents is abundant. Her father, Sir Thomas Boleyn, was named Sir in 1503. He was fluent with the languages, which allowed him to travel through Europe under the King’s orders and be part of important meetings. He was one of the bodyguards that took the Archduchess Margaret to Scotland, and he participated in various meetings with Charles V. Her mother, Isabel Howard, came from a family of Dukes, although the title had been taken away in 1485, it was given back in 1514. At age 12, Anne was†¦show more content†¦Henry admitted that Anne had used witchcraft to make him fall in love with her. In 1536, Mark Smeaton, friend for several years of Anne, was arrested and tortured. He made some revelations about the Queen. Days later Sir Henry Norris, and George Boleyn were arrested. On May 2, Anne was arrested for adultery, incest, and plotting to murder the King. On the 15th the Queen and her brother were brought to trial and were found guilty. May 19th Anne Boleyn was executed, in a private execution. It has never been proved the charges for which Anne was killed; all the papers of the trial disappeared. There are still some love letters between the Queen and the King in the Vatican library. English people never supported Anne Boleyn. â€Å"Doomed Quenns: Royal Women who met bad ends, from Cleopatra to Princess Di†. Waldherr, Kris. October 2008. Broadway Publications. USA. Las seis mujeres de Enrique VIII. Fraser, Antonia. Traduccion: Antonio Bonano. 1992. Javier Vergara Editor S.A. Buenos AiresShow MoreRelatedAnne Boleyn - Paper1823 Words   |  8 PagesAnne Boleyn lived a strategic lifestyle in the English court of Henry VIII. As a pawn of her family, she went from a small girl in the French court to the queen. Henry had an obsession with Anne and would stop at nothing until they were together causing many long term affects on England. Many people had different contrasting views of Anne Boleyn; on one hand she was viewed as a jezebel or concubine by the Catholics but at the same time she was viewed as a saintly queen by protestant writers. BothRead MoreThe Other Boleyn Girl By Anne Boleyn2145 Words   |  9 Pages The Other Boleyn Girl is a 2008 feature film based on the ambitious rise and fall of Anne Boleyn and her family. The two sisters Anne and Mary Boleyn fight for the heart and bed of King Henry VIII of England only to find heartache and betrayal in their path. Becoming with child as well as becoming Queen of England was the beginning of Anne’s descent. Having a miscarriage of a son and trying to convince her brother George to have carnal relations with her to get her re-pregnant was highRead MoreElizabeth Woodville And Anne Boleyn1747 Words   |  7 Pagesmanners, or less. However, many women found themselves contributing to the formation of postmodern constructs of marriage for love, p artnership, and fidelity. Foremost among these, temporally and popularly, are the examples of Elizabeth Woodville and Anne Boleyn. Undoubtedly, these cases hold great significance to cultural studies of the temporal periods in which the English identify as participants, but they also aid in seeing the eventual popular degradation of women from chaste matrons and aloof maidensRead MoreAnne Boleyn Essay examples2136 Words   |  9 PagesOn Friday, May 19, 1536, Anne Boleyn, former Queen of England, was executed for high treason and adultery, her head severed from her body by an expert swordsman, the only concession given her by her ex-husband King Henry VIII. How, in so short a time, had the woman that Henry had defied the religious tradition of England for, divorcing his wife and changing the history of religion in his country, whom he pursued relentlessly for years, fallen so far, so quickly? To understand one must examineRead MoreThe Tragic Demise Of Anne Boleyn2428 Words   |   10 Pagesequal weight to the same piece of evidence. The tragic demise of Anne Boleyn is one of those events in history that has been observed from any and all possible angle in order to understand what truly happened. And still, historians often disagree. This paper will attempt to show four historians’ perspective on the reason why Anne was accused of treason and the theory they each favour. From the thought of a political coup against Anne and some of the members of the King’s Privy Chamber to the ideaRead MoreAnne Boleyn - Original Writing869 Words   |  4 Pageswaves, finding peace in it. Many years Anne Boleyn had stayed on the Island of Estonina, through the grace of the pure blood vampire Queen Natassa, but she still often longed for her home. Darious, a man who served Natassa, had stayed in England to report things about Elizabeth to Anne. Now news had come that Anne s daughter would be crowned Queen of England, which filled Anne s heart with both joy and saddness. When her child had only been the tender age of 2 Anne was to be beheaded for false crimesRead MoreAnne Boleyn: A Victim of Politics Essay1510 Words   |  7 PagesOn Friday, May 19, 1536, Anne Boleyn, former Queen of England, was executed for high treason and adultery, her head severed from her body by an expert swordsman, the only concession given her by her ex-husband King Henry VIII. How, in so short a time, had the woman that Henry had defied the religious tradition of England for, divorcing his wife and changing the history of religion in his country, whom he pursued relentlessly for years, fallen so far, so quickly? To understand one must examine Henry’sRead MoreA Brief History of the Life of Anne Boleyn, An Outline Essay696 Words   |  3 PagesAnne Boleyn: A Brief History Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about the life of Anne Boleyn and the impact she had on the English monarchy. Introduction I. Attention-Getter: I am come hither to accuse no man, nor to speak anything of that, whereof I am accused and condemned to die, but I pray God save the king and send him long to reign over you, for a gentler nor a more merciful prince was there never: and to me he was ever a good, a gentle and sovereign lord. (Anne Boleyn Bio,Read MoreAnne Boleyn s The First Wife Of Henry Viii Essay2301 Words   |  10 Pages Anne Boleyn is a figure that continues to fascinate us centuries after she met her end on the scaffold. The story goes that King Henry struggles with his conscience when it becomes clear that his wife Catherine will not give him a male heir. He meets Anne and falls in love, and as a consequence breaks with Rome and the Holy Roman Catholic Church to marry her. When she too fails to produce the elusive son he desires he has her executed. The second wife of Henry VIII, Anne’s is a biography thatRead MoreThe Reformation Of The King s Romance With Anne Boleyn Or Popula r Discontent Essay1860 Words   |  8 Pagesprevent another succession crisis, like those of 1453 and 1461. In doing so, the essay will provide evidence that supports the prominence of this claim over the claims that religious differences with the Catholic Church, the King’s romance with Anne Boleyn or popular discontent with the Roman Catholic Church are the decisive factors of the revolution. Firstly, the essay sheds light onto the events that led to the reformation under the stewardship of King Henry VIII. In doing so it will contest the

The Sea and the Fury Free Essays

The Sea and The Fury Piracy seems more suited to Johnny Depp and Robert Louis Stevenson books, not devastating violent acts that have had an ever-growing fear in the 21st century. Southeast Asia, or the `Arc of Instability’ (a more appropriate name for this essay), has become a hot spot for modern day pirates within the last decade. Maritime Terrorism has also become more widespread due to several Southeast Asian terrorist groups who have the intention and capability of waging terror on the high seas. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sea and the Fury or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, one cannot say that piracy is a more persistent and significant threat to regional security than international terrorist networks. In many cases, piracy and terrorism overlap, and can therefore be constituted as the same thing. Piracy is defined by the United Nations as â€Å"violence on the high seas, that is, beyond any state’s territorial waters† (Young Valencia, 269) and to the International Chamber of Commerce’s International Maritime Bureau as â€Å"an act of boarding or attempting to board any ship with the intent to commit theft or any other crime and with the intent or capability to use force in furtherance of that act†. (Young Valencia, 269. Maritime Terrorism is defined as â€Å"political piracy† which is â€Å"any illegal act directed against ships, their passengers, cargo, crew or against sea ports with the intent of directly or indirectly influencing a government or group of individuals. † (Young Valencia, 270. ) Because these acts are similar in nature and intent, one cannot be said to be more of a threat than the other. This paper will analyze separate cases of piracy and terrorism and cases where the acts overlap, with attention given to the Straits of Malacca, one of the world’s busiest waterways and a veritable sitting duck for terrorism and piracy. Piracy has made a remarkable return to the new world with hundreds of cases being reported every year. With many of the surrounding countries in the South Pacific being economically and politically unstable, and the fact that the seas are some of the most heavily trafficked in the world, piracy has become a viable means of thievery. â€Å"Reported incidents of piracy worldwide have dramatically increased over the last 5 years, peaking at 469 in 2000. A significant portion of these incidents occurred in Southeast Asian waters, increasing from 22 in 1997 to 164 in 2002. Indonesian waters alone accounted for 119 out of 469 reported worldwide incidents in 2000, 91 out of 335 incidents in 2001, and 103 incidents of a total 370 reported incidents in 2002. † (Young Valencia, 270. ) Piracy is used for financial gain, with different levels of piracy set at common thievery, temporary seizures, long-term seizure and hijacking. The Straits of Malacca saw a cargo ship, the Alondra Rainbow, of aluminum ingots hijacked on its way to Japan. The crew was held hostage for a week before being set adrift; they were later found by a Thai fishing boat. The ship was found weeks later in Indian waters. Terrorism is usually not heard of at sea, but is just as serious as it is on land. â€Å"Terrorism, and its maritime manifestation, political piracy or maritime terrorism, is motivated by political goals beyond the immediate act of attacking or hijacking a maritime target. † (Young Valencia, 271. ) The Abu Sayyaf Group, the Gerakan Aceh Merdeka and the Jemaah Islamiyah are three terrorist groups with roots in the South Pacific that have taken advantage of the high volume of shipping that passes through the waters by perpetrating acts of piracy and terrorism. Al-Qaeda is also thought to be an enemy that would terrorize ships traveling through the region. â€Å"Not only do pirates terrorize ships’ crews, but terror groups like al-Qaeda could also use pirates’ methods either to attack ships, or to seize ships to use in terror attacks at mega-ports, much like the Sept. 11 hijackers used planes. A more sinister scenario is that a small but lethal biological weapon could be smuggled into a harbor aboard ship and released. Terrorist groups regard seaports and international cruise lines as attractive targets because they lie in the intersection of terrorist intent, capability and opportunity. † (Banaloi, 67. ) This has affected Southeast Asia horribly, causing drops in tourism, trade and shipping revenues. Terrorist groups are more rampant in this region because of the great amount of political unrest and are usually able to procure the weapons needed for such activities relatively easily due to the political climate and amount of Black Market goods. This may be only the beginning of Maritime Terrorism. In 1982, the United Nations drew up the Laws of Sea, detailing how many miles offshore nations could call their own and where maritime boundaries were regarding international waters. However, the flaw here lies in the fact that the United Nations did nothing to provide for nations that have conflicting boundaries except add an addendum that stated that nations had to â€Å"peaceably† come to a compromise. Conflicts have arisen due to the fact common waterways are narrow, nations have competing claims for boundaries, and an abundance of rich resources have been found in the area. Piracy and terrorism overlap in several ways, particularly in the tactics of ship seizures and hijackings. And some of the conditions which allow it to thrive are also similar to the causes of terrorism, for example, poverty, political instability, permeable international boundaries, and ineffective enforcement. † (Young Valencia, 271. ) Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore all border the Straits o f Malacca, one of the busiest shipping areas in the world. Oil has been tapped and pumped off the coast of East Timor by Australia. Brunei is rich from oil deposits, as would the Philippines, Vietnam and China be – if someone drew up a proper boundary and split the territory. All of these claims have led to an amazing amount of unrest in the area, culminating with escalating violence. â€Å"Because piracy is frequent in Southeast Asia, terrorists have found it an attractive cover for maritime terrorism terrorists could adopt pirate tactics of stealing a ship, which they could then blow up or ram into another vessel or a port facility, to sow fear. Thus, security experts consider the line between piracy and terrorism to have blurred in Southeast Asia. † (Banalaoi, 64. ) A narrow waterway linking the Pacific and Indian Oceans, the Straits of Malacca are bordered by Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore and sees thousands of shipping cargo pass through its ports every year. â€Å"The Malacca Strait alone carries more than a quarter of the world’s maritime trade each year – more than fifty thousand large ships pass, including forty to fifty tankers. Because the strait is the maritime gateway between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, it will remain a world center of maritime activity. It has been argued that it would be difficult for terrorists to disrupt shipping in the strait by sinking a ship in a precise spot. However, were terrorists to hijack one and turn it into a floating bomb to destroy ports or oil refineries, the effect would be catastrophic. Such an attack incident would not only cripple world trade and slow down international shipping but spread fear-more broadly than on 9/11. † (Banaloi, 65. The United States has expressed grave fear over the possibility of sinking a tanker in the Straits, and has, along with India, taken to patrolling the waters. Japan has also expressed concern over the safety of the Strait with good reason: Japanese ships were hijacked in 1998, 1999 and 2000, one of which was the infamous Alondra Rainbow. Needless to say, the problem is not going to go away. Piracy has become more ram pant in the Straits during the last few years, and is expected to rise even more when China begins using more oil. â€Å"The number of such attacks has tripled over the past decade. In the first week of June, for example, a tug and barge disappeared on their way to Port Klang in Malaysia, armed robbers looted a tanker in Indonesian waters and crews repelled two other attacks in the Strait itself. † (www. economist. com. ) Despite the apparent rise of piracy and the serious potential for terrorist acts, all hope should not be lost. â€Å"A total of 16 countries and one administrative region were represented at the Asian Maritime Security Summit: Japan, South Korea, China, Hong Kong, the 10 members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh. After discussing measures to deal with piracy and maritime terrorism, the participants adopted an â€Å"Asia Maritime Security Initiative 2004† calling for cooperation among their countries in this area. It seems fair to see this development as an expression by Japan of its readiness to take the initiative in regional maritime security. † (Isami, 49. ) Recently, Japan, no doubt influenced by its hijackings, has spearheaded a campaign to end piracy and terrorism in the Straits and other sea-lanes in the South Pacific. One popular idea raised at the conference was building an Asian Coast Guard, wherein each nation would send people to be trained as officers and be able to patrol and safe guard the waters. The Copenhagen School in Denmark â€Å"introduced the concept of â€Å"securitization† to challenge the traditional conception of security. Emmers applies the â€Å"securitization theory† to have a deeper understanding of the â€Å"securitization† of drug trafficking, piracy/maritime terrorism, and people smuggling in Thailand, Singapore and Australia, respectively. (Banaloi, 388. ) â€Å"Securitization† has become a theory used to pinpoint the ways in which regions become â€Å"securitized† and â€Å"de-securitized. † The theory has been met with great fanfare, especially in the South Pacific. Yet another theory to help scholars and government aides with the situation is the Grey Area Theory presented by Peter Chalk, where threats to the stability of nat ions are provided by non-nation processes, organizations and people. A review of his theory stated, â€Å"The piracy chapter touches on important weaknesses in international law, particularly in relation to the sensitive issue of â€Å"hot pursuit† and the problems of seas where there are disputed or no clear maritime boundaries, truly â€Å"grey-areas. † It also raises significant regional examples of active cooperation, such as the joint maritime patrols by the littoral states of the Malacca and Singapore Straits which have helped to reduce incidents of piracy. (Grundy-Warr, 111. ) The Royal Malaysian Navy has stepped up efforts to patrol the Straits, as has the Singaporean Navy. While the navies have reduced some acts of piracy and terrorism, the Straits under the Indonesian zone are largely unguarded due to lack of funds. The United States has offered assistance, but Malaysia, Indonesia and Singapore have declined, preferring advice and equipment rather than actual presence, which they fear might anger their country’s inhabit ants. Piracy and terrorism have been blended together to form a rather extreme form of diabolical action. Terrorism is the face of global disorder in the coming decade and will need to be prevented in order to ensure a safer world. The war over installing a democracy in Iraq may not be the way to staunch the flow of terrorism, but a â€Å"securitized† Straits of Malacca could ensure the safety of people, trade and economic cooperation for years to come. How to cite The Sea and the Fury, Papers

Intelligent Design of the Essay Example For Students

Intelligent Design of the Essay The search for knowledge about theorigin of humanity is as old as its inhabitants. Sincethe early 1800s mankind has narrowed the debateto creation by a Supreme Being and the theory ofevolution. Ever since then, science has been atodds against religion. Now it appears that scienceis returning to religion. Scientists are finding proofthat the universe was created by a Supreme Being. The word evolution refers to the change ofsomething over a period of time(Websters 634). In biology, the theory of evolution is the complexof processes by which living organisms originatedon earth and have been diversified and modifiedthrough sustained changes in form andfunction(Valentine). This theory proposes thatbetween 4 million and 10 million years ago, allorganisms on earth had a common ancestor andthat through a process of evolution, all livingorganisms descended from this commonancestor(Coyne). Chevalier de Lamarck, a Frenchnaturalist proposed a theory of evolution in 1809. His idea did not get much scientific considerationuntil Charles R. Darwin announced his theory ofevolution(Coyne). Darwin published his mostfamous book, On the Origin of Species by Meansof Natural Selection(Valentine) in 1859. Darwinstated that offspring resemble their parents, yetthey are not exactly identical to them. He alsonoted that some of these differences were noteffects of their environment, but actually werepassed down from parents to children(Valentine). Darwin is the most well known scientist to writeon evolution. There are many different variationson the theory of evolution. Darwin states thatnatural selection is the main reason for theevolution of life. The fight for food, water andother necessities benefits those creatures who arewell adapted for the struggle. Those that cannotsurvive, die with no offspring to continue theirgenetic line. Natural selection is also called survivalof the fittest. Another related idea to evolution isgradualism. Gradualism is the idea thatevolutionary changes do not occur suddenly butover large amounts of time, ranging from decadesto millions of years(Coyne). Genetic drift isanother way that scientists define evolution. Whentwo of a species mate, their offspring gets 23chromosomes from both parents. When a genedoes not split and combine correctly, a mutationoccurs. This mutation will get passed down fromthe creature to its offspring. In this way a speciescan permanently be changed(Coyne). Scientistswh o have accepted the general theory of evolutionas fact disagree among themselves about the ratioof importance between natural selection andgenetic drift. They also disagree about whatcaused the apparent gaps in fossil layers. Newspecies abruptly(Valentine) appear in the fossilrecord with no apparent mutation from anotherspecies, then remain unchanged for long periods oftime. They do not seem to exhibit the gradualchanges that would be expected by modernevolutionists(Valentine). Many people, includingthose in the scientific community, do not acceptthe theory of evolution as fact. When Darwin wasalive, his theory was attacked by many scientistsand religious leaders(Coyne). In the 1900s,United States public high schools began teachingevolution in science classes. By the 1920s, laws intwenty states to ban the teaching of evolution inpublic schools had been proposed by people whodid not want their children being indoctrinated. They considered the teaching of the theory to bepart of a dangerous trend toward the separation ofreligious beliefs from everyday life(Coyne). Several of the proposed laws were passed intoeffect in states including Arkansas and Tennessee. The ACLU challenged the Tennessee law in1925 by defending a teacher named John T. Scopes, who had volunteered to stand trial on thecharge of teaching evolution(Coyne). The ACLUlost the case but because of bad press, creationistsappeared ignorant to science. However, in 1968the Supreme Court of the United States ruled thatlaws banning the teaching of evolution wereunconstitutional because they made religiousconsiderations part of the curriculum(Coyne). Thecourts continue to give rulings on creation andevolution in schools, some have come as recentlyas 1987(Coyne). The fight to keep evolution outof the classroom is still persevering. Those whoare pushing to keep evolution out of the publicschools are primarily creationists. Creation is thebelief that a Supreme Being created the universeand all its contents from nothing(Vawter). Manydifferent people have believed different stories ofhow and why this was accomplished. Judaism,Christianity and Islam are a few of the major faithsthat teach Creation. There are many differences inwhat different people believe. Many Jews a ndChristians with a literal interpretation of the Bibleor the Pentateuch, the first five books of the Bible,believe that God created the universe and all thatis in it in six 24 hour days. They believe that eachspecies on earth has remained relatively the samesince the Creation. These people base theirbeliefs on the Bible(Eve) and some use fossilevidence of long consistencies and abruptchanges(Valentine). Others believe that Godcreated everything, but not in six days. Still othersbelieve that God created the universe by lightingthe fuse: the big bang was Gods way of creatingthe universe. Many people have gone in search forproof that the universe was created by a SupremeBeing. The case for Intelligent Design was arguedby Reverend William Paley of Carlisle, England inhis 1802 book Natural Theology. Take, forinstance, a rock and a watch. How old are thetwo objects? The rock has remained more or lessthe same perhaps since the earth wasformed(Miller 24). The watch is different becauseof t he intricate gears, springs and parts. It wasproduced with a specific design and knowledge ofthe watchmaker, and watchmakers have not beenaround forever. Paley knew there cannot bedesign without a designer; contrivance without acontriver. The marks of design are too strong tobe got over. Design must have had a designer. Unemployment has always been a problem in our soci EssayHumans have the ability to use reason and humanshave certain inherent desires that cannot bereasonably explained: love, marriage, and a senseof right and wrong. Still the debate continues. Itseems the double standard at work here isbreathtaking(Glynn 32). Scientists who believe inevolution are free to use detailed accounts of whathappened 4 billion years ago and base it onDarwin(Sagan). But the moment scientists beginmarshalling rather considerable and persuasiveevidence for the opposite case, their speculationrisks being branded by colleagues asunscientific'(Glynn 32). This parallels the thirdbook of Gullivers Travels. The ways of therespected Laputan people were very precise,according to Gulliver. All their wise men rejectwhat seems obviously the best way preform atask(Williams 49). Member of the Academy areseen trying to weave with spider web and makeice into gunpowder(Swift 196). Such acts ofstupidity are Swifts attack on the Royal Society ofEngland in Swifts time; however the applyperfectly to many of the scientists who reject whatthey do not want to see. The argument about theorigin of the universe will definitely continue. Therewill be those who argue both sides until this worldcomes to its end. To what extent people believethe Biblical teachings or what some scientists teachis a personal decision. Darwin concluded hisbook: There is grandeur in this view of life, withits several powers, having been originally breathedby the Creator into a few forms or into one; andthat, whilst this planet has gone cycling onaccording to the fixed law of gravity, from sosimple a beginning endless forms most beautifuland most wonderful have been and are beingevolved(Miller 32). The more science seems todig and research about the origins of humanity, theless likely it is that Earth and all the creatures on itwere an accident. All the precision, consistencyand detail point to an universal architect, aSupreme Being, Go d. Bibliography (pleasedisreguard my mess for now) Coyne, Jerry A. Evolution. World Book. CD-ROM Eve,Raymond A. Creationism World Book. CD-ROM Glynn, Patrick. Beyond The Death ofGod. National Review May 6,1996:28-32. Limbaugh, Rush. The Way Things Ought to Be. New York:Pocket Books, 1992. Miller, KennethR. Lifes Grand Design. Technology Review. Feb./March 1994:24-32 CD-ROM. 1996 SIRS. SIRS 1994 Life Science. Article 59 Sagan, Carl. Snowflakes Fallen on the Hearth: The Evolutionof the Earth. Planetary Report. Jan./Feb. 1993:4-9 CD-ROM. 1996 SIRS. SIRS 1994Earth Science. Article 53 Schneider, E.D, Kay,J.J. Life as a Manifestation of the Second Law ofThermodynamics. Mathematical and ComputerModelling 1994: 25-48. Suits, Conrad. The Roleof the Horsesin A Voyage to the Houyhnhnms.'Modern Critical Interpretations, Jonathan SwiftsGullivers Travels. Ed. Harold Bloom. NewYork:Chelsea. 116-125 Swift, Jonathan. GulliversTravels. New York:Penguin,1960. Valentine,James W. Evolution. Encarta. CD-ROM. Microsoft Corp:1994 Vawter, Rev. Bruce. Creation. Encarta. CD-ROM. MicrosoftCorp:1994 Websters New Twentieth CenturyDictionary. Second Edition. 1983 Williams,Kathleen. Animal Rationis Capax. ModernCritical Interpretations, Jonathan Swifts GulliversTravels. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York:Chelsea. 37-82